Three Roofs
Maker
Ehm, Josef
Czech, 1909-1989
Date1935
MediumGelatin silver print
Dimensionsframe: 24 1/4 in x 18 1/8 in; image: 12 in x 11 1/4 in
Credit LineGift of the Baruch Foundation
Object number2009:141
About the ArtistJosef Ehm was a photographer, editor, and teacher. He was inspired the aesthetic sensibilities of the 1920s and the New Objectivity movement. New Objectivity emerged in Germany as a reaction against Expressionism and its often emotional depiction of the artists’ psyche. Post-World War I, early practitioners of New Objectivity sought to depict the world through a more unsentimental, naturalistic lens. Layering elements of reflectivity and surrealism over the bleakness of city life, Ehm evokes a similar unsentimentality in his images of advertisements, desolate cafés, and consumer goods. The breadth of Ehm’s work stretches past the urban landscape of Prague, to sprawling landscapes and posed figures.Ehm was born in Habartov, Czech Republic. His creative work began as an apprentice in professional photography studios. He then moved on to become an educator, teaching at the State School of Graphic Arts in Prague for a twelve-year stint beginning in 1934. He collaborated with fellow photographer Jaromír Funke to edit the magazine Photographic Horizon between 1939 and 1941. He was also a major contributor to the 1943 portfolio, Modern Czech Photography.
This photograph was a gift from the estate of the legendary art dealers Anne and Jacques Baruch, who opened a gallery in Chicago in 1967 to feature the work of Central European artists, especially those based in what was then Czechoslovakia. Their mission was to buy as much work as possible and exhibit it in Chicago in order to give exposure to the Slavic art that Jacques once described as “the finest work of tomorrow—not what is known—the new blood.” The Baruchs began collecting during the infamous Prague Spring in 1968--a period of relative freedom and reform under President Alexander Dubček. The bulk of their collection was later smuggled out of Prague by Anne after the Soviets began to restore the hardline communist political and economic policies that had been in place before Dubček came to power. Since many of the artists Anne wanted to work with were not sanctioned by the authorities, she began smuggling art out of the country, often at great risk to everyone involved.
Although government agents would seal her packages of officially sanctioned art before her departure, she would often alter or remake the seals with the help of artists in order to add more to her packages. She always traveled to Prague with a bright red Hartman suitcase equipped with a false bottom. On the way there she would fill it with art supplies that the artists could not buy, and on the return, it would have artworks hidden inside. Through her travels Anne amassed a remarkable collection of both historical and contemporary Czech photography.
The Museum of Contemporary Photography at Columbia College Chicago is honored to be the recipient of many works from the Baruch’s collection of Czech photography. As a collecting institution, it is our duty to preserve and make works of art as accessible as possible through exhibition, print viewings, and our website. This, in our opinion, is the best way to pay tribute to the artists and to the democratic, curious spirits of art lovers like Anne and Jacques Baruch.
